Introduction

Git

Git is a powerful DevOps tool used for source code management. It is a distributed version control system that tracks changes in the source code during software development. Git enables multiple developers to collaborate on a project efficiently.

GitHub

GitHub is a web-based platform utilizing Git for version control. It provides hosting for software development and facilitates collaboration among developers.

Difference Between Git and GitHub

While Git is a version control system that allows you to manage and track your source code history, GitHub is a cloud-based hosting service that lets you manage Git repositories.

GitHub Features

Some prominent features of GitHub include:

• Repository hosting

• Pull requests for code reviews

• Issues for bug tracking and feature requests, allowing you to state issues and track actions

• GitHub Actions for Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD)

Key Concepts in Git:

1. Repository (Repo): A database containing all project files and their revision history.

2. Commit: Refers to changes made to the repository, each with a unique ID (hash #) and a detailed message explaining the commit.

3. Branch: A parallel version of the repository. Multiple branches help create separate development paths for adding new features or fixing bugs.

4. Merge: Combining changes from different branches.

5. Clone: Copying a repository to your local environment to work on.

Setting Up Git

• Download and install Git: Git Downloads

• Sign up on GitHub: GitHub Sign Up

1. Download and install Git from the provided link: https://git-scm.com/downloads

2. Sign up on GitHub using this link: https://github.com/signup

Steps to be followed

Install Git

Git download page

After installing Git, initialize your git in git bash and configure your username and email. These details will be associated with your commits.

• On your local computer task bar search for git bash and run as administrator.

Configure Git

Open a terminal and set your username and email:

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bashCopy code git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "your-email@example.com"

Verify Installation:

Creating a Repository

A Git repository is where your project files and their revision history are stored.

Create a Directory

• using a Linux code, we want to Run this command to create a new directory gitlabprojects

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        mkdir gitlabprojects
  

• Run the command below to change to the new directory created.

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        cd gitlabprojects
  

  Initializing a Repository

  To initialize a new repository, run the following command

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      git init
  

  This will initialize the empty git repository in the local directory.

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  for confirmation if it has been initialized go to “Document” on your local machine.

  

  Pushing to GitHub

  Create a new repository in GitHub. Add a name for it, scroll down and click on create.

  

  1. Link Local Repository to GitHub:

     

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       git remote add origin <git remote add origin https://github.com/Chiemerie-git/My-Repo.git>
     

• The next thing we will do is create a file and push that file to the remote depository to be sure the link is functional. We will still be using some Linux commands. We can actually run it manually with VScode, but we will still use git bash to get familiar with the interface.

  

  The readme file has been created, we can write some things in the file using the statement nano

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          nano readme.md
    

to be sure the statement was made and injected we will be using “cat” statement

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        cat readme.md
  

  

  Add Files to the Repository: using the code below

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      git add readme.md
  

  

adding to the branch master you input this code

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        git status
  

Making Your First Commit

1. Add Files to the Repository:

   • Add a new file, e.g., README.md

Commit the File:

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git commit -m "Adding a readme file"

Push Changes:

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git push origin master

Pulling Changes

• Fetch and integrate changes from the remote repository:

  What is git pull?

  The git pull command fetches and integrates changes from a remote repository into your local working directory. It’s essentially a combination of two commands:

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      git pull origin main
  

  

Conclusion

In conclusion, mastering Git and GitHub is essential for any developer looking to enhance their version control and collaboration skills. These tools provide a robust framework for managing code changes, facilitating teamwork, and streamlining the development process. By understanding the key concepts and commands, such as repositories, commits, branches, and merges, developers can efficiently track and manage their projects. Additionally, leveraging GitHub's features like pull requests, issues, and GitHub Actions can significantly improve project management and continuous integration workflows. Embracing these tools not only boosts productivity but also prepares developers for successful collaboration in the tech industry.